MANAGEMENT OF COVID 19SARS-COV-2 BY USING DIFFERENT APPROACHES OF TREATMENT- A REVIEW

Abstract

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 
(COVID-19) has sparked enormous efforts 
to create treatment plans that specifically 
target coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and/or 
human proteins to regulate viral infection, 
involving thousands of patients in clinical 
trials and hundreds of possible medications. 
To date, 11 monoclonal antibodies and a 
few small-molecule antiviral medications 
(nirmatrelvir–ritonavir, remdesivir, and 
molnupiravir) have been approved for the 
treatment of COVID-19; the majority of 
these medications must be used within 10 
days after the onset of symptoms. 
Furthermore, already approved 
immunomodulatory medications, such as 
glucocorticoids like dexamethasone, 
cytokine antagonists like tocilizumab, and 
Janus kinase inhibitors like baricitinib, may 
be beneficial for treating hospitalized 
patients with severe or serious COVID-19. 
Based on accumulating discoveries made 
since the start of the pandemic and an 
extensive list of clinical and preclinical 
inhibitors with anti-coronavirus properties, 
we present an overview of COVID-19 drug 
development efforts here. We also talk 
about the lessons that can be applied to the 
development of therapeutics to combat 
COVID-19, long COVID, and pathogenic 
coronaviruses in future outbreaks. These 
lessons include drug repurposing strategies, 
pan-coronavirus drug targets, in vitro 
assays, animal models, and platform trial 
design