Malian babesia bovis and bigemina prevalence as a function of ecoclimatic zone variation

Abstract

Research in Mali's Sudanoguinean, Sudanian, and Sahelian ecoclimatic zones occurred between June 2019 and September 2020. Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina prevalence in these zones was the target of this study. The parasites Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis, as well as the ticks that carry them, were investigated in a sample of 648 cattle (327 females and 321 males). Among the 648 calves tested, 200 tested positive for Babesia bovis, for a total prevalence rate of 30.86 percent; 156 tested positive for Babesia bigemina, for a total prevalence rate of 24.07%, as shown by microscopic analysis of the blood smears. The incidence of Babesia bovis varied significantly between ecoclimatic zones, according to the current research (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) across zones when it came to the prevalence of Babesia bigemina. The prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina did not vary significantly between males and females (P> 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina across the various age groups (p>0.05). According to the research, the Sahelian zone does not have any Boophilus microplus species.